Hostage Negotiation - An Interview With Anti-Terrorism Expert Dr Neil Livingstone

I spoke at length about kidnap response to noted crisis"Any time you have pragmatic kidnappers who are in it
manager Dr. Neil Livingstone. Before proceeding withfor the money, it is generally good to have publicity,"
my report, I'd like to explain why I turned to him, as ILivingstone says.
have for many years, for insight. His short biography,"In that case, the best protection a hostage can have
on the AEI Speakers Bureau website, speaks for itself:is publicity."
"Dr. Neil Livingstone is Co-Chairman and CEO of aWhy?
crisis management firm in Washington, DC. During the"Publicity puts pressure on the hostage-taker. It signals
past two decades he has served as a "corporateto them that they can't just dump the guy. The
equalizer" on a variety of investigative assignmentsinternational community gets alarmed. They put
including kidnappings, homicides, industrial espionage,pressure on all concerned.
celebrity stalking, missing CEOs and threats against top"In Beirut, everyone knew there were hostages.
executives. Dr. Neil Livingstone taught for ten years atPublicity helped resolve the situation."
Georgetown University and has served on advisoryIn some ransom situations, Livingstone says, the crisis
panels to the Secretary of State, the Chief of Navalmanagers want to negotiate for a reduced payment.
Operations and the Pentagon."That approach can backfire.
Herewith his thoughts on kidnap management."The wisdom of working to keep the ransom low is
Is it best to publicize or suppress a kidnap? Thedebatable." Those types of negotiations serve only to
answer depends on the type of incident.prolong the victims' ordeal. "Every country that delays
"You have to determine whether the captors arepaying a ransom in order to get a better deal winds up
extremists motivated by ideology, or if they are in it forbeing taken to account.
money," Livingstone says."The hostage sues."
"Extremists don't want money. They want to showThis is not to say that a hostage kidnap can be
their power. They want to kill the hostage and showresolved simply. "It's hard to pay ransoms," Livingstone
their power." In such a case, Livingstone says, "Publicitywarns. "A lot can go wrong."
hurts."The kidnappers, for example, cannot always be relied
The noted crisis manager adds: "You should keepupon to act in good faith. The captives can become ill,
quiet only in a situation where extremists are notor too weak to travel to the exchange site. Nerves
interested in ransom, where they want to kill thecan get frazzled, and participants can get
hostage and demonstrate their power."trigger-happy during the hand-off.
Such was the case with Wall Street Journal reporterNo matter how the situation is classified, though, the
Daniel Pearl, who was captured in 2002 by a militantentire kidnap dynamic is extremely challenging.
group calling itself The National Movement for the"There is a delicate choreography in liberating a
Restoration of Pakistani Sovereignty. The captorshostage," Livingstone says. "Look what it took to
brutally murdered the innocent journalist.liberate the hostages from Columbia.
Ransom situations, however, are different."It all must be handled with extreme care.